Argument by Analogies, very educational materials for me.
You might think that F1 cars would be built around monster engines. But the engines are smaller than those in many family cars, just 2.4 liter.
The secret is precision not brute force. That precision is audible sound. It is distinctive sound of components moving at speed that would destroy an ordinary engine.
Internal Combustion Engine is like the Cannons.
Engine:Piston = Artillery:Cannonball. Note the piston is the reciprocating motion.
They both use an explosion at one end to drive something along the tube.
Same process, very different effect. To get the most out of your bang, you must reduce something called "Windage".
F1 technology and military artillery history come together.It is important to have the fit between the projectile and the cylinder. In the early history of artillery, because you couldn't bore a cylinder very accurately. You couldn't make a reliable spherical cannonball. There had to be a gap, so the cannon ball wouldn't jam. And you lost power through the gap. A windage gap was a safety feature to ensure that the cannonball didn't get stuck in the barrel. But there was a price to pay.
This one is snugger fit, we had to squeeze it in.
Fire it
The same fired it much further and all because of better fit. This got extra 12 meters from 48m. 25% increased range. Precision machining meant gunners didn't have to allow for windage. Tiny difference, tiny increased in size.
John Wilkinson
If you start the cold F1 engine, it will wear and reduce its efficiency. They have to plug in oil and water heaters and have them on timers overnight which allowed the engine are sitting at operating temperature. F1 car revs up to 18000 R.P.M, three times than a normal car.
A jumbo jet takes off at 180 miles per hour. F1 can exceed that speed during a race.
A fast car behavior is like the airplane.
Aerodynamic shape. Get it wrong and it will take off. Get it right and you will win the race.
Thank to an ancient much slower and much quieter sailing boat, F1 can keep all four wheels on the ground. The same principle that allows mariners to sail into the wind and allows F1 went faster on the corner.
Sailing in the direction the wind is blowing is relatively easy. Hold up the sail and you will be blown along. Sailing into the wind is more difficult. Headwind.
More than 2000 years ago. Arabian sailors mastered the trick by changing the shape of their sails. A triangular sail is the solution, because it is a kind of wing.
The aerofoil shape creates low pressure above the wing and it rises. The same principle helps sailors in ancient and modern.
It looks a little bit like the wing.
add a flat keel and the boat won't go sideways but forwards into the wind.
Front Strut
Vacuum
Heat.
All carbon fiber start its life as string.
It could be woven into the cloth or made straight into a high-stress component.
These carbon driveshafts are destined for very expensive road cars and Le Mans race cars.
Torque Test. Let's see how strong the steel driveshaft is.
Necking. When a material gets thinner in cross section which indicates to be about to fail.
1376 Newton-Meters.
Carbon Fiber Driveshaft. CTG TORQline.
As it goes to 4728 Newton-Meters the carbon fifer driveshaft is broken.
Expensive Sting. The carbon fiber driveshaft made of the string. Amazing !!!!!!
Monocoque. This ultra-light single shell is also the body of the car itself.
There is no internal frame.
There is no need because the carbon fiber is tough enough on its own.
A lightweight, flexible material that bends and absorbs impact.But apparently it's tricky to make something flexible and strong. Think about Breast Implant. Silicone Gel Implant.
Arrow
It will put with of drop loading. But what happens if you've got something sharp which will puncture it. Most of the things that make materials flexible tend to make them weak.
The scenario which is like the fuel tank punctured by the debris rod. It is flexible but not strong enough. How will we make something that is flexible and strong enough ?? We got a bit of the problem. Materials are flexible that tends to be ductile and weak. Materials are strong that tends to be rigid and brittle. We got a trick we can use in materials. If we make a strong material into the fiber. It's very thin and becomes very flexible.
**Think about Ford-Model T and Tractor.
Kevlar. Bullet proof fabric. It is very strong and stiff material, but in the fiber you can see it's very flexible. This material is about 5-10 times as strong as steel. You can use Kevlar to make the flexible and sturdy fuel tank, but can't hold the fuel. Turn Kevlar into some sort of fabric so that we can use the material to make the shape. And then we've encase that in something which is still flexible.
This fuel tank combines Kevlar and the rubber.
ATL (Aero Tec Laboratories)
The black plate made of Kevlar.
Even though it visibly deforms the rubber, the arrow can't pierce the Kevlar. Those two materials working together can be flexible and strong.
The flexible tank had an add benefit. It can be squashed into the tight space.
Use the Johnson Powder to lubricate which made it easier to install. F1 is dirty little secret. I am laughing !!!!!! Refer to:Apache helicopter
F1 driver knows the fuel just behind his head and stay in the right place.
Pit Stop
Some of the hottest and most stressed parts of F1 are the wheel. The brake can work at temperatures of 1000 degrees Celsius. The material of wheel is Magnesium. In cast metal, the grains are randomly distributed creating points of potential weakness. A forged wheel will be lighter and stronger than a cast one.
Refer to:
Lamborghini (Alcoa forged wheel)
Mclaren MP4 (Ricardo forged piston)
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